Stegomyia irritans Theobald, 1901.
Subfamily Culicinae, tribe Aedini. Catageiomyia includes 28 species that were recognised as members of Aedes subgenus Aedimorphus prior to the phylogenetic classification of Aedini (Reinert et al., 2009). Most of these species were included in the Argenteopunctatus / Mixtus Group and Tarsalis / Filicis Group (except albocephalus) of Edwards (1941) / McIntosh (1975), and the Tarsalis Group (except albocephalus) of Hamon et al. (1961). Catageiomyia adami, Cg. dialloi and Cg. lottei were subsequently placed in the Tarsalis Group by the authors who formally described and named them. Catageiomyia smithburni was included in the genus when Reinert et al. (2009) removed Catageiomyia from synonymy with Aedimorphus. Catageiomyia irritans is the type species of the genus by virtue of being the senior synonym of Cg. senegalensis Theobald, the only species (haplotype) originally included in Catageiomyia.
Catageiomyia are Afrotropical mosquitoes. Species of the genus are recorded from the following African countries: Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Republic of the Congo, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe.
Catageiomyia is sister to Elpeytonius in the morphological phylogeny of Reinert et al. (2009). These two taxa appear to be rather distantly related to Aedimorphus, in which they were previously assigned.
Characters that define the Catageiomyia clade in the phylogenetic analysis of Reinert et al. (2009) are indicated with an asterisk (*). ADULTS – Decumbent scales of vertex all narrow or some broad; antennal pedicel bare; maxillary palpi dark-scaled; prescutal and posterior fossal maculae consisting of broad silvery-white or narrow white or yellow scales; scutellar scales broad or narrow, silvery-white, sometimes yellow; paratergite often with broad silvery-white scales; postspiracular scales absent or poorly developed; basal bands of abdominal terga absent or reduced, lateral spots silvery-white or snow-white, *lateral setae of males long; tarsi entirely dark-scaled, hindungues simple. FEMALE GENITALIA – Sternum VIII wider than long, apex with a relatively deep median emargination separating broadly rounded lobes, setae 1,2-S long (other setae S absent), inserted on proximal half of sclerite; accessory spermathecal capsules absent (i.e. a single large capsule present) (shared with Elpeytonius); insula is tongue-like, long and with a few small distal tuberculi; postgenital lobe moderately long, relatively narrow, apex with relatively deep, median emargination; cercus moderately long, narrow to moderately wide, scales are absent, apex relatively narrowly rounded. MALE GENITALIA – Basal mesal lobe of gonocoxite poorly developed; gonostylus with elongate lobe on lateral surface (shared with Elpeytonius), quadrate apical expansion and *two gonostylar claws. LARVAE – Seta 6-C branched (shared with Elpeytonius); seta 5-II longer than seta 3-II (shared with Elpeytonius); *seta 8-P ≥ 1.8 length of seta 4-P; comb of abdominal segment VIII with squamiform or spine-like scales; siphon may be curved dorsally; seta 1-S well developed, placed about level with distal pecten spine or pecten extends well beyond insertion of this seta. PUPAE – Unknown or not studied in detail.
The immature stages of 11 species of Catageiomyia are unknown and the aquatic habitats of two species have not been recorded. Larvae and pupae of Catageiomyia species have been found in shaded ground and rock pools in forest along stream margins and stream beds, and in temporary pools among grass and along swamp margins. Less common habitats include a borrow pit (Cg. pseudotarsalis) and a crab hole in a stream bed (Cg. veeniae, but possibly washed into the hole). Crab holes and brackish surface pools seems to be the main habitats utilised by Cg. irritans, but larvae of this species have also been found in wells, a boat and roof gutters.
Seven species of Catageiomyia are known only as adult males, and little bionomical information is known about the females of the other species. Blood-engorged females of Cg. microsticta have been found in goat-baited net traps, and Cg. argenteopunctata and Cg. filicis have been collected biting humans during daylight hours in coastal evergreen forest in South Africa (Muspratt, 1955; McIntosh, 1975). McIntosh (1975) reported the frequent collection of females, believed to be Cg. mixta, from humans and large domestic animals on the South African Highveld and the highlands of Zimbabwe.
Catageiomyia argenteopunctata is known to harbour Semliki Forest virus in coastal areas of Mozambique (McIntosh et al., 1961), and Wesselsbron virus has been isolated from Cg. minuta in Natal (McIntosh, 1975). Catageiomyia veeniae is fairly common in the coastal plain of Natal, where it appears to be confined, but tests on a small number of females have found no evidence of viral infections (McIntosh, 1975).
Reinert et al., 2009 (generic status, phylogeny); Reinert, 2010 (female genitalia).
adami (Geoffroy, 1971)
argenteopunctata (Theobald, 1901)
bedfordi (Edwards, 1936)
chamboni (Cornet, 1968)
dialloi (Hamon & Brengues, 1965)
falabreguesi (Hamon, 1957)
filicis (Ingram & de Meillon, 1927)
grenieri (Hamon, Service, Adam & Taufflieb, 1961)
hopkinsi (Edwards, 1936)
insolens (Edwards, 1936)
irritans (Theobald, 1901)
lokojoensis (Service, 1959)
lottei (Hamon & Brengues, 1965)
microsticta (Edwards, 1936)
minuta (Theobald, 1901)
mixta (Edwards, 1936)
mutila (Edwards, 1936)
nyounae (Hamon & Adam, 1959)
phyllolabis (Edwards, 1929)
pseudotarsalis (van Someren, 1946)
punctothoracis (Theobald, 1909)
reali (Hamon & Adam, 1959)
smithburni (van Someren, 1950)
tarsalis (Newstead, 1907) (in Newstead et al., 1907)
veeniae (McIntosh, 1975)
wendyae (Service, 1959)
yangambiensis (de Meillon & Lavoipierre, 1944)
yvonneae (Edwards, 1941)
Culicidae Classification: Catageiomyia